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 VE is systematic method to improve the “value” of goods or products and services by using an examination of function. Value, as defined, is the ratio of function to cost. Value can therefore be increased by either improving the function or reducing the cost.

Establishing collaborative practices is of particular importance on building design and construction projects, as they are likely to involve bringing together large number of diverse disciplines, many of whom will not have worked together before. They are also likely to involve the co-ordination and integration of a great deal of complex information. 

Failure to establish clear and efficient project-wide procedures and collaborative practices can be disastrous. This has become increasingly true as project structures have evolved from straight-forward client – consultant – contractor relationships to more integrated structures with complex financing arrangements, early engagement of the supply chain and the introduction of sub-contractor and supplier design.

 Shop drawings represent an elementary form of delegated design. The process involves contractors and suppliers who design the components for which they are responsible. If the project architect of a building had to design every single connection and interaction between systems and components, it would be an arduous process.

Most architects do not have the skills to design to that level of detail and that would cause delays and frequent defects in design. Using shop drawings provide the contractor and the architect with an opportunity to review what the subcontractor or supplier intends to supply or construct before approving the fabrication or construction

 Fabrication methods and QA-QE-QC requirement set by aluminium system companies. Such as Schüco and the other international system companies.

Fabrication process strictly belong system companies. Guidelines and fabrication produces ensure to meet system performance and warranty requirements.

 The installation of facades and facade elements is one of the more complex site operations. It requires a range of skills and knowledge yet has not been recognized as a particular skill or trade. Facade failure, particularly water leakage, is the most common cause of failure in new buildings. BH Group’s installation team brings together advice on installation of facade systems including all the major components: frames, gaskets, sealants, finishes, glass, and fixings. The experienced team gained by CWCT in setting up training centers for installers and in training main contractors’ site supervisors.

The book explains why things should be done and highlights those things that are most critical to the success of the curtain wall and window installation. This handbook is a guide to achieving better curtain wall installation. However, it is not a substitute for care and diligence, nor should it be a substitute for proper training. The facade of a building has to exclude the weather, provide a comfortable internal environment, be safe during construction and use, and retain its appearance throughout its life. Facades will only do these things successfully if they are correctly designed, planned and installed. This guide gives advice on the correct installation of facades and the components that make up a facade. Modern facades are often highly technical involving the use of many materials.

 Construction professionals use mock-ups in an attempt to reverse the old adage that there is never enough time to do things right, but there’s always time to do them over. Mock-ups are great tools not only to verify design but for logistics of project installation procedures and QC.

It is imperative to utilize the same construction personnel to build the mock-up that will be at the project site. With proper planning, costs associated with mock-up testing generally are a minimal impact on overall project costs and is money well spent compared to fixing an entire building after the fact. Mock-up testing can be a very inexpensive insurance policy and valuable learning tool.